GB · Europe · GBP
United Kingdom
Tax rates
Income Tax
45%
Top rate, progressive scale
Source: OECD Tax Database — Top statutory personal income tax rates · as of 2025-01-01Corporate Tax
25%
Statutory rate
Source: Tax Foundation — Worldwide Corporate Tax Rates · as of 2025-01-01VAT
20%
Standard rate
Source: PWC Worldwide Tax Summaries — United Kingdom (Corporate, Other taxes) · as of 2025-12-24Capital Gains Tax
24%
Crypto Tax
24%
Source: GOV.UK (HMRC) — Check if you need to pay tax when you sell cryptoassets · as of 2025-05-29Wealth Tax
0%
Not levied
Source: PWC Worldwide Tax Summaries — United Kingdom (Individual, Other taxes) · as of 2025-12-24
Estimate your income tax
Enter a gross annual salary to estimate 2025 national income tax for United Kingdom using verified brackets — total tax, effective and marginal rate, net income, and the per-band breakdown. National income tax only; social contributions and sub-national taxes are excluded unless the notes say otherwise. The full calculator covers every country with verified rates.
The calculator needs JavaScript — every figure stays readable without it. The full bracket schedule is under Brackets & notes below, and the calculator page lists every country's schedule.
Brackets, notes & in practice
Income Tax
| Threshold | Rate |
|---|---|
| GBP 0 | 0% |
| GBP 12,570 | 20% |
| GBP 50,270 | 40% |
| GBP 125,140 | 45% |
2025-26 tax year (England, Wales & Northern Ireland — Scotland sets its own bands). Excludes Class 1/4 National Insurance contributions. Top bracket (45%) matches the stored headline rate exactly. The Personal Allowance tapers away by £1 per £2 of income above £100,000, reaching £0 at £125,140 — this produces an effective marginal rate of 60% on the £100,000–£125,140 slice, not shown as its own bracket here since it is a taper mechanism on the allowance rather than a published rate band.
VAT
In practice
- Filing
A business must register for UK VAT once its taxable turnover for the previous 12 months exceeds GBP 90,000, or is expected to exceed that threshold in the next 30 days; voluntary registration is available below this threshold.
Source: GOV.UK — Register for VAT: When to register · as of 2024-10-10- Exemptions
Exports and most food and drink for human consumption are zero-rated, subject to listed exceptions. Health and welfare services (care or medical treatment by hospitals, hospices, and nursing homes; services by registered doctors, dentists, opticians, and pharmacists), education and vocational training provided by eligible bodies such as schools, colleges, and universities, and financial services and insurance are exempt from VAT.
Source: GOV.UK — Rates of VAT on different goods and services · as of 2026-07-10
Capital Gains Tax
Individual gains on selling listed shares are taxed at 24% for higher and additional-rate taxpayers, the top rate under the UK's Capital Gains Tax regime for shares and other non-business assets. Basic-rate taxpayers pay 18% within their basic-rate band and 24% on any excess, after an annual tax-free allowance of £3,000. Disposals qualifying for Business Asset Disposal Relief instead carry an 18% rate.
In practice
- Exemptions
Individuals get an Annual Exempt Amount of GBP 3,000 (2025/26 tax year) before Capital Gains Tax is due. Relief may also be available on the disposal of an individual's main home under Private Residence Relief.
Source: PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries — United Kingdom, Individual - Other taxes · as of 2026-07-23
Crypto Tax
The United Kingdom taxes an individual's gains from disposing of cryptoassets — including selling them or exchanging them for a different type of cryptoasset — as Capital Gains Tax, the same as other chargeable assets. A gain above the annual Capital Gains Tax tax-free allowance must be reported to HMRC and the tax paid.
In practice
- Exemptions
The same Capital Gains Tax annual tax-free allowance that applies to other chargeable assets also applies to cryptoasset gains; only the portion of an individual's total gain above that allowance must be reported and taxed.
Source: GOV.UK (HMRC) — Check if you need to pay tax when you sell cryptoassets · as of 2025-05-29
Wealth Tax
No general annual net wealth tax on individuals. PWC's dedicated "Net wealth/worth taxes" subsection states: "Tax is not charged on an individual's wealth each year in the United Kingdom." A one-off wealth tax has been proposed and debated periodically (e.g. the independent Wealth Tax Commission's 2020 proposal) but never enacted. The UK's inheritance tax, capital gains tax, council tax, and stamp duty land tax are separate, narrower levies and are not net wealth taxes.