Chile

Residence for Chilean tax purposes is acquired by remaining in the country for six consecutive months in one calendar year, or more than six months, consecutive or not, across two consecutive calendar years. Domicile — physical presence combined with the intent to remain — triggers normal taxation from the date of entry if the intention to stay permanently or for a significant period is established before residence would otherwise be acquired.

An annual tax return is not required for an employee whose only income is salary from a single local employer, since tax is withheld monthly at source; a return is required if the individual has other taxable income, such as interest, or wishes to claim certain tax benefits. Compensation not paid by a local employer makes the individual personally liable to declare, withhold, and pay the tax monthly.

Foreigners working in Chile are taxed only on Chilean-source income during their first three years in the country, after which worldwide income becomes taxable as for a resident. Before Chilean tax residence is acquired, a flat 15% tax generally applies to income from technical, engineering, or professional advisory work; other activities, or payments from a company based in a tax haven, are subject to different rates.

Residents may deduct mortgage interest paid on loans for the purchase or construction of a dwelling, capped at 8 annual tax units (UTA) per year and phased out entirely for taxpayers with annual income above 150 UTA. Employees have no standard or blanket deductions such as representation allowances, though expenses incurred in the employer's sole interest, such as documented travel, lodging, and entertainment, are deductible, and non-resident foreigners cannot deduct social security contributions until they acquire Chilean residence.

Chile's VAT operates on a monthly credit-debit system: output VAT (the VAT debit) is reduced by input VAT credit, and any balance due must be paid within the first 12 days of the month following the transaction.

Chile treats gains from share and corporate-rights disposals that don't qualify for Article 107's stock-exchange regime as entirely non-taxable, pooled together with gains from bonds/debt-securities and mining-claim/water-rights disposals under the same rule, when their combined total for the tax year does not exceed 10 unidades tributarias anuales (UTA). Once that combined total is exceeded, the full gain becomes taxable under the general rules, not just the excess.